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Given an array implementation of the circular queue above, state the condition upon which it would be identified as FULL.

(ii).

Describe the key functionality of a circular queue.

Compare and contrast circular queues with linear queues.

Construct both a logic diagram and truth table for the following expression:

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Short Answer6 MarksCommunity

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NOT A OR B AND C

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Short Answer2 MarksCommunity

Nominate one suitable sensor for an automatic clothes dryer control system and state it's purpose.

Consider the Collections called BASKETBALL and FOOTBALL which hold the ID numbers of students who play basketball and football respectively. Given an empty Collection called DUAL, construct an algorithm to copy into DUAL the IDs of all those students who play both sports.

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Short Answer8 MarksCommunity

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Extended Response11 MarksCommunity

An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of another. For example, “listen” and “silent” are anagrams of one another.

Consider an array called ALPHA of size 26 initialised to contain only zeros. Also consider a function LTR2NUM() which accepts a single character and returns it's position in the English alphabet. For example, LTR2NUM('a') and LTR2NUM('z') return 1 and 26 respectively.

Given a Collection of letters called LETTERS, construct an algorithm to accumulate the total number of each type of letter in corresponding ALPHA index locations. For example, if the letter 'b' occurs 7 times in LETTERS then, once the algorithm has completed, ALPHA[1] should equal 7.

Construct an algorithm that outputs True if every value in ALPHA is equal to zero

Assume now that the two algorithms from a) and b) were augmented to form functions called createAlpha() and isZero() respectively.

The function createAlpha() accepts as input a Collection of letters and returns a new array called ALPHA of size 26 where the total number of each type of letter in the Collection provided as input is accumulated at corresponding ALPHA index locations. For example:

createpAlpha(["a","a","b","e","z","z","z"]) → [2,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3]

The function isZero() accepts as input an array of numbers and returns a boolean to indicate whether or not the array provided is full of zeros. For example:

isZero([0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]) → false isZero([0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]) → true

Given an empty array called ARR of size 26 and two Collections of letters, one called WORDA and another called WORDB, construct an algorithm to return true if WORDA is an anagram of WORDB, otherwise output false.

A die is rolled N times and the results stored in a collection called ROLLS. The die has normal faces, that is, showing numbers from 1 to 6 inclusive across its sides. The die is considered biased if both the number of rolls (N) is greater than 1000 and the average value across all N rolls is either greater than 3.5 + 100/N or less than 3.5 - 100/N. If there are 1000 rolls or less then it is not known with sufficient confidence if the die is biased or not. Based on this approach, construct an algorithm to determine whether or not the die is biased. Output the verdict.

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Short Answer7 MarksCommunity

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Extended Response4 MarksCommunity

Consider those algorithms which apply the principle of divide and conquer to more efficiently implement search.

State the name of a dynamic data structure suitable for maintaining a list of names in such a way as to facilitate faster searching.

Sketch the data structure suggested in part (a) formed as the following names are provided sequentially from left to right, that is, Kris is input first and Linda last.

Kris, Andrew, Dan, Kate, Linda

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Multiple Choice1 MarkCommunity

In object-oriented programming, select which one of the following principles hides the internal states and functionality of an object and only shows the necessary attributes and methods.

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Short Answer12 MarksCommunity

NextStar is a cloud based service where users can view and rate the work of lesser known artists. Artists may include actors, singers, screenwriters, comedians, painters, sculptors and filmmakers. Based on user ratings, the application recommends new content and/or artists to each user. With reference to NextStar, compare and contrast how the K-nearest neighbour (k-NN) algorithm and matrix factorisation might be used to generate content and/or artist recommendations.

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Short Answer4 MarksCommunity

A collection called NUMS is represented as follows:

Consider the following pseudocode:

COUNTER = 0 SUM = 0 NUMS.resetNext() loop while NUMS.hasNext() N = NUMS.getNext() if N > 0 then COUNTER = COUNTER + 1 SUM = SUM + N end if end loop RESULT = SUM / COUNTER output RESULT

Trace the pseudocode above by tracking variables COUNTER, SUM, N and RESULT.

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Short Answer2 MarksCommunity

Construct the logic circuit for the following Boolean expression.

The concept of Inheritance is considered a pillar of the Object Oriented Programming (OOP) paradigm. With respect to OOP, Define the term Inheritance.

X = NOT P OR Q AND P

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Short Answer2 MarksCommunity

A busy cafe has decided to streamline their business by implementing a software assisted ordering system. The new system will record customer orders at the front counter whereupon they are automatically added to a queue of orders accessed by a barista working at the back of the cafe to fulfill orders uninterrupted.

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Extended Response10 MarksCommunity

State one reason why a queue would be better suited to holding coffee orders than a stack.

The new systems holds the price for each type of coffee in an array called ITEMS as follows:

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+--------------+--------------+ | Espresso | 1.20 | | Latte | 2.50 | | Cappuccino | 3.70 | +--------------+--------------+

Coffee orders are held in a queue called ORDERS where each order is a single integer indicating the type of coffee to be made by their respective row index in ITEMS array.

Additionally, a 3x3 2D array called SALES is initially defined as follows:

+--------------+--------------+--------------+ | Espresso | 0 | 0 | | Latte | 0 | 0 | | Cappuccino | 0 | 0 | +--------------+--------------+--------------+

Given ITEMS, ORDERS and SALES, write pseudocode such that column one and column two contain the total number of orders and total income for each coffee type respectively.

For example, the following ORDERS queue:

+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ 1 0 1 2 0 +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

would result in the following SALES array:

+--------------+--------------+--------------+ | Espresso | 2 | 2.40 | | Latte | 2 | 5.00 | | Cappuccino | 1 | 3.70 | +--------------+--------------+--------------+

The method rowswap(ARR, ROWA, ROWB) acts on the array ARR provided to swap the row at index ROWA with the row at index ROWB.

Without using loops, write pseudocode to sort the rows of SALES from lowest to highest total income. The row for the coffee with the highest total income should be at row index 2.

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Multiple Choice1 MarkCommunity

Choose the one option which best describes the World Wide Web (WWW).

A globally interconnected network of networks

A way of sharing resources via hypertext and hyperlinks

A way for data to travel via network protocols

(d).

The internet

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Short Answer2 MarksCommunity

Given an empty array called NUMBERS of size 100, set each location which has an index that is a multiple of 5 (includes 0) to the number 7 and all remaining elements to the value 3.

Given an array containing 7 names called NAMES, the following algorithm outputs the first name found starting with “M”. It uses a utility function called firstLetter to return the first letter of a string - for example, firstLetter(“Kate”) will return the letter “K”.

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Short Answer1 MarkCommunity

N = 7 FIRST = “” FOUND = false i = 0 loop while i < N VALUE = NAMES[i] if firstLetter(VALUE) = "M" AND FOUND = false then FIRST = VALUE FOUND = true end if i = i + 1 end loop output FIRST

While the above algorithm functions as intended, suggest a suitable pseudocode modification to improve efficiency.

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Short Answer4 MarksCommunity

Explain the relationship between exploration and mutation rate in Genetic Algorithms (GAs) and how, in the case of the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) scenario presented, the mutation rate affects a potential solution for the shortest tour of the 20 cities.

Define the term foreign key.

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Short Answer1 MarkCommunity

A search algorithm uses recursion to sort a one-dimensional array by sorting the end of the array and returning the array minus the last element at each recursive step.

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Extended Response10 MarksCommunity

Identify, in words, what the base case of this sorting algorithm must be

Outline how binary tree traversal uses the concept of recursion

Consider the following algorithm func(N) if N=0 then return 1 else if (N % 2 == 0) return N - func(N-1) else return N + func(N-1) end if end method

State what would occur if the first "if statement" was removed

Trace the algorithm when N=4

(d).

State the final output of the algorithm when N=4

(e).

With respect to physical limitations, evaluate a resource managed by mobile phones.

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Short Answer3 MarksCommunity